The Rohingya people have been described as “among the world’s least wanted” and “one of the world’s most persecuted minorities.” They have been stripped of their citizenship since a 1982 citizenship law. They are not allowed to travel without official permission, are banned from owning land and are required to sign a commitment to have not more than two children.
According to Amnesty International, the Muslim Rohingya people have continued to suffer from human right violations under the Burmese junta since 1978, and many have fled to neighbouring Bangladesh as a result:
| “ | The Rohingyas’
freedom of movement is severely restricted and the vast majority of
them have effectively been denied Burma citizenship. They are also
subjected to various forms of extortion and arbitrary taxation; land
confiscation; forced eviction and house destruction; and financial
restrictions on marriage. Rohingyas continue to be used as forced
labourers on roads and at military camps, although the amount of forced
labour in northern Rakhine State has decreased over the last decade. […]
In 1978 over 200,000 Rohingyas fled to Bangladesh, following the
‘Nagamin’ (‘Dragon King’) operation of the Myanmar army. Officially this
campaign aimed at "scrutinising each individual living in the state,
designating citizens and foreigners in accordance with the law and
taking actions against foreigners who have filtered into the country
illegally." This military campaign directly targeted civilians, and
resulted in widespread killings, rape and destruction of mosques and
further religious persecution. […] During 1991–92 a new wave of over a quarter of a million Rohingyas fled to Bangladesh. They reported widespread forced labour, as well as summary executions, torture, and rape. Rohingyas were forced to work without pay by the Burmese army on infrastructure and economic projects, often under harsh conditions. Many other human rights violations occurred in the context of forced labour of Rohingya civilians by the security forces. |
” |
As of 2005, the UNHCR had been assisting with the repatriation of Rohingya from Bangladesh, but allegations of human rights abuses in the refugee camps have threatened this effort.
Despite earlier efforts by the UN, the vast majority of Rohingya refugees have remained in Bangladesh, unable to return because of the negative attitude of the ruling regime in Myanmar. Now they are facing problems in Bangladesh as well where they do not receive support from the government any longer. In February 2009, many Rohingya refugees were rescued by Acehnese sailors in the Strait of Malacca, after 21 days at sea.
Thousands of thousands of Rohingya also have fled to Thailand. There are roughly 111,000 refugees housed in 9 camps along the Thai-Myanmar border. There have been charges that groups of them have been shipped and towed out to open sea from Thailand, and left there. In February 2009 there was evidence of the Thai army towing a boatload of 190 Rohingya refugees out to sea. A group of refugees rescued by Indonesian authorities also in February 2009 told harrowing stories of being captured and beaten by the Thai military, and then abandoned at open sea. By the end of February there were reports of a group of 5 boats were towed out to open sea, of which 4 boats sank in a storm, and 1 boat washed up on the shore. 12 February 2009 Thailand's prime minister Abhisit Vejjajiva said there were "some instances" in which Rohingya people were pushed out to sea.
The prime minister said he regretted "any losses", and was working on rectifying the problem.
Steps to repatriate Rohingya began in 2005. In 2009 Bangladesh announced it will repatriate around 9,000 Rohingya living in refugee camps in the country back to Burma, after a meeting with Burmese diplomats.
In 16 October 2011, the new government of Burma agreed to take back registered Rohingya refugees. However violence, rape, torture and mass genocide against those Rohingya inside the very secretive nation of Burma continues
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